Poetry and Writers Different Ways

Casehistory Alison (head injury) Learning Objectives AO1 Respond to texts critically and imaginatively, accept and evaluate textual detail to illustrate and support interpretations. AO2 Explain how language, structure and form contribute to writers innovation of ideas, themes and settings. ( Pre-reading activity Here is a riddle for you Who do you think would be my husbands wife? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ What close my mothers only daughter? _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ The title of the verse is Casehistory Alison (head injury). What do you think this verse form is spillage to be about? ( Make a note of your ideas. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ __________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Why might you talk about yourself in the third person? What is the effect? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ( Take 2 minutes to discuss the effect with your partner.Swap and beat your ideas. Feed back your ideas to the rest of the class. First impressions ( Read the poem. ______________________ ________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ ______________ ____________ __________________________ __________________________ ________________________ _____________________ What do you think has happened to Alison? The opening line in a higher place has a play-like feel.Imagine how this thought might look on stage. ( In the box below, sketch out the scene you imagine. In the notes box below, summarise your vision of the action. How might you describe the attitude of the speaker of the poem? ( distinguish the word or phrase that gives you this impression and write it in the box below. The original one has been make for you. Alison seems Wistful ____________ ____________ What does the younger Alison have that the Alison of the indue does not? ( Fill in the table below. Alison of the past Alison of the present Autocratic knee / Like a Degas dancers Knees that without delay lug her upstair / Hardly Lets take a closer look ( Answer the following questions by providing quotes and ana lysis. Think PEA point, example, analysis. 1. The poem is arranged in even, regular three line stanzas. What is the effect on the reader? _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Where does this regular pattern come to an END, and what is the effect of this? ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. There are two lines i n the poem that begin with a single word followed by a full stop. What are they, and what is the effect on the reader? _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Poetry detective Spot the following linguistic and structural devices at work in the poem. What is their PURPOSE and EFFECT? techniques examples and analysis of their effect Parenthesis (She looks at her photograph) ( ) Ambiguity (the puzzle / riddle of the first stanza) Mid-line full stops Repetition Powerful adjectives Enjambment spend of the third person Get originative AO2 Explain how language, structure and form contribute to writers presentation of ideas, themes and se ttings. ( Using Casehistory Alison (head injury) as a guide, you are going to write a poem of your own, using pictures of historical figures as inspiration. You are going to bring the long-dead prevail over of the painting to life in the form of a dramatic monologue ( Take an online stroll with the 30 must-see paintings hanging in The National Gallery www. nationalgallery. org. uk/paintings/explore-the-paintings/30-highlight-paintings/ ( Which character did you choose? _____________________________ Writers toolbox ( With your choice of speaker in mind, tick the techniques you think would be useful in creating an accurate go for your poem. Think about the intended effect of your selected techniques. If necessary, you can add additional techniques at the bottom. Poetic techniques Use Intended effect Rhyme Non-standard English Mid-line full stops Enjambment Assonance Repetition alliteration Metaphors Similes Onomatopoeia Get writing _________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ______________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ My Itchy Toes Smell Loads ( Complete the table below with what you consider to be the most impor tant quotes and poetic devices within each category. meaning imagery tone Structure and habitus language compare poems AO3 Make comparisons and explain links between texts, evaluating writers different ways of expressing meaning and achieving effect Use the Venn plot to find the differences and similarities between the two poems. Sample exam question and Medusa. Comparing poems AO3 Make comparisons and explain links between texts, evaluating writers different ways of expressing meaning and achieving effects ( Use the Venn diagram to find the differences and similarities between the two poems. Sample exam question Planning an essay ( Using MITSL as a guide, create an essay plan or spider diagram for your essay question. You must let in 3 5 points of comparison. Number each point in the order you would write about them in your exam. When you write your essay, remember to analyse structural and poetic devices for their effect and meanin g. Dont just list. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Casehistory Alison (head injury) (She looks at her photograph) I would like to have known My husbands wife, my mothers only daughter. A bright girl she was. Enmeshed in comforting 5 Fat, I wonder at her clear angles. Her autocratic knee Like a Degas dancers Adjusts to the observer with airy poise, That now lugs me upstai rs 10 Hardly. Her face, broken By nothing sharper than smiles, holds in its smiles What I

Hnc Accounts †Business Law Outcome Essay

in that location are two institutions in the UK that have the power to study statutory enactment in Scotland. The outset of these institutions is Westminster (London) where elected individuals serve in the House of parking lots. These members are known as MPs (Members of fan tan). Parliament is responsible for passing new fair plays ( formula). In the late nineties the House of Commons allowed the passing of devolved powers to the impudently created Scottish Parliament. Only certain powers were transferred to Holyrood and Westminster politic control the laws that govern Tax, National Security and many others. Westminster is still regarded as Primary Legislation. This means that any law made by Westminster in mute matters of insurance policy essential be adhered to by the Scottish Parliament.The second of these institutions is Holyrood (Edinburgh) where 129 elected individuals serve in the Scottish Parliament. These members are known as MSPs (Members of Scottish Parliamen t). The Scottish Parliament was created on the 11th Sept 1997. The voters in Scotland took part in a arouseendum where they voted on a Devolved Scottish Parliament. This meant that Westminster would allow this devolved parliament to create laws in certain areas of policy. The Scottish people voted for a devolved parliament and the devolved powers were transferred from Westminster to The Scottish Parliament on the 1st July 1999. Westminster reserved certain powers that still govern many areas of Scotland directly but the devolved powers allow Scotland to pass laws and regulate in areas such as Agriculture, Health and Housing to name a few.The process of making primary edict in the UK follows a very strict procedure of three distinct tips. An MP, Lord or a member of the public trick conjure up a bill to suggest a change of law (legislation). The first stageof the process involves a parliamentary committee of members. They will review the bill and patch up whether it moves to th e second stage. The second stage allows amendments to the bill and allows the bill to be scrutinized by the committee and member. If the bill passes this stage hence the third stage involves a member vote. If a majority of the members vote for the bill then the bill will be passed and presented to the Queen to receive a Royal Assent. The bill is now law.Common police force has a major role in Scots law today and it draws on four separate elements. Common Law is often referred to as the Unwritten Law or Historical Law. This unwritten law has developed over centuries and draws from different sources.1. Common law is based on virtue. Equity is the process of allowing judges to apply fairness or justice when there is no legislation to refer to. They must base these decisivenesss on fairness and equivalence for all. When the judge follows this process of Equity he/she is in truth making the law. This is called Precedent and we will talk about this in more detail in dose 4. 2. Commo n law is also based on Institutional Writing. Centuries ago men of a higher(prenominal) class would finish their schooling in the various cities of Europe. These men would learn the laws of other countries and on their give birth to their e democracys in the UK would write about these laws and use them to govern their own estates. Institutional Writings no interminable hold the authority as days gone by as Government Legislation and judicial Precedent are supreme and overrule Institutional writings if they are based on correspondent cases. 3. Common Law is also based on Custom.Custom is when over a long period of time of time a particular habit is recognized by the people or social grouping. An physical exertion of this would be common law hus prohibitiond where the couple are not in fact married but have lived as such so therefore the man would be entitled to the uniform rights as a legal husband. 4. The most important piece of common law in the costs today is juridical P recedent. Judicial Precedent is where a judge or jury has no other legislation or act of parliament to decide a particular dispute and any decision they make will be followed in the future for any other similar disputes. A precedent can only be superseded by a higher court, government legislation or act ofparliament. Judicial Precedent tries to keep the law stable. Consistency through the court system is vital when trying to incite the virtues of Fairness and Equality.The four key institutions of the European Union are the Council of Ministers, European Parliament, European Court of arbitrator and the European Commission. Each of these institutions has a representative from each member nation to allow a utterance from each of the member states.The European Commission along with the Council of Ministers can change and amend laws within the European states. The Commission, unlike The Council of Ministers, has the power to change commands and issue guidings (these are orders passed by the European Commission or The Council of Ministers to undertake legislation is implemented within all the member states). If a state, company or persons break or do not comply with European law then it is the European Commission who will raise a court work on against those who are not complying.The Council of Ministers is the legislative body of the EU. They are head of decision making and law/regulation introduction in the EU. They are the most powerful of all the institutions in Europe. Although the Council has the highest power there are still areas of legislation that the Council cannot pass with the advisory input of the European Parliament.The European Parliament is to advise and make recommendations to the Council of Ministers in various areas of legislation. They will review any piece of legislation or directive and give their opinions on the matter. If the Commission does not implement the recommendations of the Parliament then they must advise why they have not done so. The Parliament cannot change, implement or make European law and are there solely as an advisory Parliament.The European Court of rightness is the highest court within the European states on Community law (laws that have been issued by the Commission or Council of Ministers). If a state, company or persons fail to abide by the regulationsand directives issued by the Commission then it is the Court of Justice responsibility to ensure the law is observed. The Commission will initiate the proceedings and allow the member state an opportunity to defend itself against the complaint. If that process does not result in the breach being rectified the action will then go to the Courts of Justice.There are two main types of European Legislation. They are Directive & Regulation. 1. Directive legislation allows the European Commission to give a timescale for a piece to legislation to be introduced. Directives are issued to ensure that law is common throughout the European Countries. They keep the peoples equality to fairness and equality protected throughout the member states. If a country does not adhere to these directives sanctions can be issued.2. Regulation Legislation is required in an emergency situation or crisis. They must be acted upon immediately by the state that the order is against. An example of this would be the BSE crisis in the 90s when an immediate ban was put on the importing and exporting of beef from the UK. All member states had to adhere to this regulation to ensure that British beef stocks did not contaminate the other member states beef stock.

American Intellectual History

The nations of the earthly concern argon shaped by a plethora of events and topics. good as any hu reality existence is a product of circumstances and ideas that he encounters akinly is the slickness of nations. The intellectuals of a nation atomic number 18 uniform potters shaping the destiny of the multitudes that in habit their lands. They themselves are products of ideas of intellectuals in the first dedicate them and in turn leave their imprints on the sand of times and are a source of inspiration for some another(prenominal)s. The fast agitates that were taking place in the era that Bellamy inhabited animates and is a source of inspiration for his literary determine life .Ameri layabout polity and fri blockadely gild were under passing constant change . The old order which was representative of sla very(prenominal), denigration of women and industrial capitalism was being replaced by a new tender order . American ordering was witnessing a spurt in probl ems and hence we see that epoch witness a multitude of reformers. The figment feel backward is an identifying trademark of the generator Edward Bellamy. Initi bothy it generated little interest later on it catapulted to being the bestseller of its time. The social inequities of the nineteenth century always haunted Edward.Even as a young lad of 18 his spirit was stirred by the problems that the social machinery of the ancient industrial system was creating . there check been many writers nerve-racking the genre of utopian writings like Thomas Moore, David Hume wholly few have shown so ofttimes commitment to the beau ideals of the utopian order as Edward Bellamy. Human beings have always been anticipating the anticipations of a perfect prospective as the present condition of society is unjust. It is an escape from the contemporary society were corruption was rife penury slavery child wear upon was the order of the day.The future of America is depicted as society wher e the residuum between the rich and the poor is mitigated as there is adjoin distribution of wealth. The industries are non controlled by a few men of eminence but they are in the hands of the nation. The writers absorption with nationalism makes him envisage the subject machinery as he savior of mankind. The unpretentious vogue and the use of commonplace speech communication and immaculate images of the utopian society are some of the aspects of the smart which are responsible for its popularity.The plot and the story of the novel seems to be preposterous as it seems to be an implementation of the ideals of Christianity and sacrilegious idea in a future time. Writers head is like cauldron where ideas and thoughts overabundant in the society make unique dish. The ideas and the thought process of any individual(a)s are shaped by the people around him and the headings that are invigorating the minds of writers, philosophers and intellectual. Similarly Edward Bellamys phi losophical ideas are shaped by those of predecessor.Orestes Brownson was an important turn on him as the novel gives a policy-making and a spectral resolvent to the ills of society. He was primarily thought to be a religious thinker whose world view encapsulates the political system of the American society . Democracy needs to follow the guidelines of the catholic creed so as to restrict individualism which threatens to undermine the bonds of communities. American nation evolved as result of the simultaneous function religious and secular ideas.He had fears that the individual pride is constantly becoming emboldened and the loftier virtues of love and the concern for fellow compassionate being is alienated in the urge infractment of ones life. According to Brownson A republic can stick out only as it rests upon the virtues of the people and these not the mere natural virtues of worldly prudence and social decency, but those loftier virtues which are possible to human nature only as elevated above itself by the infused habit of supernatural g unravel. (Brownsons Works, 1017-37)The utopia of Bellamy presents a perfect picture of a strong nation in which the individuals baser self like an unrelenting quest for material wellbeing is subsumed in the collective feat or maintaining that perfect elysian state. He was constantly preoccupied with the idea of nation as sources to the problems of society. A strong nation with its individuals trained like a disciplined military is presented as a solution for the problems of his contemporary society.Strikes were a big issue in the Edwards contemporary society and it fetchs a solution in his utopian novel where everybody is prosperous due to the feature that selfishness is replaced by brotherly concern. These honourable high drive have their root in Christianity which is adhered to by both Orestes and Bellamy . The future of America is safely ensconced in Catholicism. The influence of the idea of nation was im ported from Europe. The crystallization of the ideas of a nation took place during civil wars in America.Emerson a liberal and a strong counsel of individual rights started laying more emphasis on standing(a) up for the nations freedom and sovereignty as the civil wars were threatening the existence of America. Brownson was a disillusioned by the liberal ideas o f individual aspiration and became a staunch proponent of conservatism which believes in preserving order . Societys wellbeing is given preference over individuals bank and aspiration.facial expression back has sponsor who has slept more than 100 years and he opens his eyes into a perfect society which is made economically viable as the state is given full control of the industries . Brownson can be best described as a religious political conservatism. Julian west questions are answered by Dr leetes His explanations express the vision of the writer and the influence of Orestes Brownson is evident in the f lay out there i s emphasis on strengthening of nation as the yard for concomitant that now the workers are no more going on a strikeThe nation, that is to say, organized as the one great business corporation in which all other corporations were absorbed it became the one capita number in the place of all other capitalists, the sole employer, the final monopoly in which all previous and lesser monopolies were swallowed up, a monopoly in the profits and economies of which all citizens divided up (Bellamy 24-47) Brownson participated in the brook farm and it reflects the age old aspiration of practically putting ones ideas to a sort . The same can be said about Looking back .Edward Bellamy is trying to show that how his political religious and economic ideas can be practically implemented in a society. Brownson was born in the transitional phase and they formed a reform party which instead of relegating the church to the earth was thought to be the machinery through which social reform could be b rought about. The instability in the times of these writers is reflected in the fact that the intellectuals are constantly experimenting with distinct modes of Christianity . He stated his pastoral career as universalistic then moved to Unitarianism.Finally he espoused Catholicism He is opposed to Brownsons stand point that human beings are essentially sinful . One of the reasons of writing looking back is the belief that innate goodness of man is a corollary of formation of a perfect state of being . Bellamy is a believer in the disassociation of personality for there is no sameness between our present and past personalities but only a graduated differentiation. (Morgan, 56) Memory is not a sufficient qualifier for identity . We are constantly in flux adorning one personality after another .According to Bellamy it is the core of the being which is responsible for stringing together the different identities . Julian Wests hypnotic sleep is an example of dissociation of personalit y which is constant preoccupation of Edward. I sat up thus in bed staring about, without being able to recruit the clue as to who he was. Brownsons saw individuality as the root cause of disintegration of society. There is similar charge against Bellamy that individual identity was sacrificed for the attainment of the perfect state.There is compartmentalization of the individual the bad aspects like greed, disceptation, and amassing wealth in the hands of few is banished and the superior self which is reflection of the pristine image of deity is allowed to reign. The end result of this enterprise is an era of tranquility. Social problems are completely routed from the face of the earth worldly concern and society is perfectly matched in that millennium of utopian society. The fear of poverty has been vanquished as all the industries were in the hands of the state and thus there was no class conflict.The strong robust state and Christian socialist economy are reminiscent of the Br ownsonian influence on Edward Bellamy. Origin of species by Charles Darwin was published in 1859and it foretell an era of skepticism and transformed the perspective of the way we look at life. According to Vergilius Ferm Truly, the year 1859, in which appeared Charles Darwins The Origin of Species, marks a turning point in Western thought (1936, p. 307). immortal was banished from the world view of man . There is complete paradigm shift from the philosophy of mans purposeful existence to his being on this cosmos as result of chance and subsequent excerpt .The creed of competing with one another for resources as the ultimate goal makes man an equivalent to animals and the virtually enkindle aspect of the theory of natural excerption is that it justifies greed as natural and a beneficial prospect because it leads to the selection of the fittest individuals. Bellamy was a staunch critique of Charles Darwins theory and its implication on the social faith of industrial capitalism . His novel Looking Back provides an alternative to this rat race of outpacing each other with an impulse for self sacrifice and unselfishness.Struggle for survival has no place in the society depicted in the novel as the in suitableities are removed . The state controls all the industries. It is surprising that both these intellectuals who are discourse completely different dogmas are proposing that developing is the process to reach the culmination of human prowess. Bellamy writes his utopia where evolution is diligent to reach that perfect Elysian state. Looking back provides an insight into that perfect state that is achievable only when brotherly loves and unselfishness becomes a creed.Chaos brutality and lack of human concern is substituted by love and generosity. many an(prenominal) social Darwinists like graham flour Sumner criticize the utopian model as laid back stance and wishful thinking by saying it is the greatest folly of which a man can be capable to sit down with a slate and pencil to plan out a new social world Bellamy constantly uses the notion of a nation as an alternative to the industrial competition of his times. Then the national party arose to carry it out by political methods.Indeed, it could not well have had any other name, for its purpose was to realize the idea of the nation with a grandeur and completeness never before conceived, touching tree whose leaves are its people, fed from its veins, and feeding it in turn. (Bellamy, 183) He deliberately uses the metaphor of plant to describe nature as the leaves of a tree are symbolic of the members of society who are life-time in a peaceful coexistence. The general health and wellbeing of the members of society is leechlike on the heathland of the trunk which is the supporting system.The metaphor of a tree is very often used in password and it is vey often used at the fine juncture of mans destiny. Adam lost his sprightly existence because he ate from the forbidden tree. The novel derives its motivation from the doctrine of Christian socialism. Therefore the metaphors and the language reflect the theological preoccupation of the author. There is a deliberate of the Darwinian metaphor of an animal . The very existence of one another is dependent on elimination of the animal of lesser prowess. The revolution that is presented in the utopia is a bloodless one.The foremost objection to the utopian ideal of equality is that it will produce in activity in the members of such a society as model of competing with one another is lost is . Dr leetes answer to Julian West settles this question that the urge to work remains as result of the fact that the imaginations of the people is fired by estrus for humanity and service to nation . It doesnt mean that Bellamy is not influenced by Darwins theory of natural selection but the whole edifice of the Darwinian module is modified .There is evolution in the society Women are exonerated of their household duties They are also appoint jobs but the operative hours are less as they have to perform the task of mental synthesis the consultation of the future generation . There is no exploitation of women and they receive equal remuneration. One of the offshoots of natural selection is sexual selection but in the utopia of Bellamy the economic basis of anything has no meaning. Therefore marriages take place due to love for each other not because of economic standing of the individuals.The discovery of utopia of novel begins with the protagonist query about the industrial problem plaguing America. The answer to this question reveals the amount of the influence of the Darwinian concept of evolution . Dr Leete explains that this pathological condition was resolved by industrial evolution. Origins of species laid the foundation of biological evolution of man but it brought about revolution in almost all walks of life . These concept are both repudiated and incorporated in the novel but the concept of evolution undergoes refinement as it is send away in the theological mould.The model of biological evolution provided a justification for the superiority of the white race . Strangely enough Bellamy who is at loggerhead with the concept of evolution of species is in complete sync with idea that the racial superiority of the west is a result of the survival of the fittest. The law of necessity is replaced by laws of morality . Many intellectuals were profoundly affected by the postulates of Darwin . But it is misleading to believe that he is social Darwinist in fact he was a critic if Darwins postulates in origin of species .He has used the model of Darwinian evolution and reshaped it with love as the underlying force for achieving perfection. William Graham Sumner started his career as clergymen and returned as prof of political and social sciences . He believed in the persistence of inequalities in societies as material progress is dependent upon open competition . He saw governme nt as a necessary evil as it defends us from the different vices prevalent in our society. It curbs individuals liberty and freedom He was a social Darwinist and was critical of Bellamys impractical plans.The history of the human race is one long story of attempts by trusted persons and classes to obtain control of the power of the State so as to win earthly gratifications at the expenditure of others(Sumner . n. p) The nation replaces the industrial capitalism of the contemporary times in the Bellamys utopia . Sumner believed in giving maximum freedom to the industrial capitalism of his times whereas Looking back provides a replacement of this system as it is thought to be the root cause of all the evils of society . The social condition of the impoverished working class didnt need any reformers as it was natural.He was against any kind of government intervention to take over the condition of the suffering masses . He is a believer in the fact that material winner is indicative of a persons capabilities. (Boland. n. p) As far as this is concerned they are at opposing end. Bellamy is for reforms and equal opportunity and invent for all the members of society . William Sumner was against the occupation of Spain by the Americans and this idea finds a echo in the novel as was he was against the occupation of Spain by the Americans and this idea finds a echo in the novel. Dr Leete denounces the act of aggrandizementAre they France, England, Germany, or hunger, cold, and nakedness? In your day governments were accustomed, on the slightest international misunderstanding, to seize upon the bodies of citizens and go to bed them over by hundreds of thousands to death and mutilation, wasting their treasures the while like water. The American society was facing a lot of upheavals and industrial revolution brought urbanization and a variety of problems . The publishing of Darwins origin of species had embossed many uncomfortable questions and many reasons arose t o establish the realm of God upon earth .These movements also brought changes in the set up religions and creeds. Solomon Washington Gladden sermons can be seen as the earliest example of The social gospel movement . It tried address the problems of the slums of Ohio and brought the workers of 1877 strike to a peaceful negotiation. The proponents of this movement believed in a confluence of Christian dogma with politics . They predicted a brighter picture of tomorrow. Looking back seems to be presenting the same kind of pastiche of morality and politics and a prospect of a perfect future.Like the social gospel movement the novel gives a concrete shape to the hope of a better tomorrow. The concept of brotherly love and helping the poor is not an anathema to the Christian doctrine but rather it was revived as the dainty society was facing excess of moral violation of individuals in industrial capitalism . Bellamys combination of socialism and religiosity can be as seen an offshoo t of the social gospel reform movement as any individual is a product of its time . The thought process of literary artists are shaped by the distillation of ideas his period.The thought process of an individual is not shaped in vacuum . They are either a result of the reaction of doctrines that are prevalent in that period or an influence of other contemporary writers and philosophers. Genius dont produce ides out of blue but it unique process of synthesis of ideas floating through that particular age . Early century and the great first gear saw different intellectuals trying to lay the principles on which the society could get rid of its problem and the kingdom of god was to be established which would transcend competitive and exploitative industrialism of the contemporary American society.Looking is an endeavor on part of Bellamy to show that such ideas are viable and practical. It is practical guide to establishment of a society based on the postulate of the egalitarian princip les o social Christianity. The social reform movements from 1820 to 1860 show a distrust of establishes social systems. The gospel reform movement saw that for the first time the variant prenomen of the church came together in a joint venture to eat up the problems of society . This dream of fusion of various sects of Christianity is realize in the novel Looking back .Julian asks Mr Barton about the reason of disappearance of various sects The answer was that passionate impulse of brotherly love was responsible for the founding of a nobler social order as the root cause of this fusion Crisis in the American society was seen as initiative to set up the necessary changes . The whole novel can be seen as an attempt to forsee and how to practically implement those changes in society. The turn of the century saw massive problems like unemployment, abuse of corporate powers, poverty, crime, and corruption, influx of immigrants, child labor and massive depression.These problems gave rise to a reform movement which was termed as the progressive movement. Progressive movement was a natural succession to the progressive movement. The youth of middle class rose to the occasion with a soaked faith in fact that every problem has a solution. These problems can be put to end by the educated class . Education and specially women education received special stress . therefore women rights were promoted and they started entering the job market as clerks and did other menial duties . Edward Bellamy in his novels gave women a lot of rights by the contemporary standards.They received equal pay despite the fact that they were working for fewer hours . Another hallmark of this period is the demand of voting rights by women. The social order of Bellamys utopian world assigns equal but different roles to women. The feminist of the contemporary period like Charlotte Perkins Gilman agree with is assessment. The whole progressive movement resolved around that man has a inherent qua lity in him to improve his lot . It was rejection of the social Darwinism. The other problem that the progressives tried to address was the end of slavery .The abolitionist movement tried to eradicate this problem . The utopian model stresses equality as the focal point and it is achieved through the equal pay for all the individuals. It is very important to note that the progressive movement is accused of not addressing the problems of racial secernment And Bellamy was under the influence of Herbert Spencer who saw the whites as superior race as result of it being the fittest and the most ablest race . The progressive s believed that the state can play a pivotal role in solving the numerous problems that the American society is experiencing .The authors are sensitive to trails and the tribulations of society and hence this is exactly the reason hat the fiction is trying to present a solution which is representative of the progressive ideology that state can help in the establishme nt of the heavenly state . The novel also presents the idea of the unification of the various denominations of Christianity and it is reflection of the fact that various creeds of Christianity rose under this reform movement to address the problems that was destroying the moral fabric of the society.Frederick Winslow Taylor can be best described as synthesizer of the thoughts of his times and he gave a solution to the problem of optimizing the productivity of the workers. There was almost a mechanical stress on exploitation scientific precision to improve the skills needed to perform a task in the industry . geezerhood of apprentice ship is replaced by this mechanical process. This has a fleeting similarity to the Edwardian concept of building an army of workers. The dramatic improvement in the productivity was result of his innovation in the field of industrial engineering . He is accused of dehumanizing the modern industries .There needs a change in the attitude of the workers t o optimize the industrial production according to him change consists of the complete revolution in the mental attitude and the habits of all those engaged in the management, as well of the workmen(Taylor . pg131) Bellamys utopia presents the concept that the productivity is going to increase as result of passion for nation. Edward Bellamy has been unnecessarily been accused of being influenced by the Marxist concept of utopian world and he was for quite sometimes rolling the idea of the perfect state of life in his mind .It was published 40 years before the it . The author himself had a disliking for the class conflict and a irreverent society In one of his public lectures he gave vent to his urge to write about his passion for heavenly existence It is an undiscovered country, no community of men has ever essayed its elysian climes, no human foot step has ever trod its shores. The faith of humanity points to its existence. But I know that it exists, and we must find it. (Taken f rom Bellamys 2nd lyceum address of 1872). He gave a concrete shape to all his ideas of an ideal society in his novel looking backward.The impact of the novel on the minds of men can be gauge from the fact that this novel gave rise to a nationalist movement . Columbia university pass philosopher John Dewey historian Charles Beard and editor of The Atlantic monthly Edward Week to prepare a list of writers who exercised a huge influence on society Edward Bellamys Looking back came second on all the three list and it was preceded by Marxs Das capital. The novel brought about a change in the thinking of men in all walks of life . The ideas in the novel acted as springtime board for other writers to develop and broaden the horizon of human intellect.The idea that social injustice is caused by human struggle for physical as well as economic need for a better status launched Veblens provocative and creative career. Allen white the renowned American News Paper editor himself admitted to be ing shaped by the intellectual outpourings of this novel. He feels indebted to the thrill that he encountered while reading the novel when he was young and the change of heart from the being a conservative to being open mind about the various problems plaguing the contemporary society. He also acknowledges the fact that many youngsters of his time had a similar experience .It was the talk of the town The list of individuals effect by Bellamys monumental work Looking backwards is endless . It not only affected the individual members of society but also infused impertinently blood into the intellectual thought process of his times . The ideas of social injustice derived from a race for economic betterment came into the forefront. He is a writer who inspires people and draws lines on which others can move forward on their intellectual journey. The novel is a presentation of social and economic order which is given serious status by experts in the respective fields.The economist H. S tanley Jevons says I have gained more from Bellamy than from any single author. He deserves more attention from economists than he has received. The economic system he outlines does stand a rigid tryout for workability in its essential features in his treatise. The novel presents economic equality in the co-operative commonwealth Despite the fact that the novel deals with utopia it has been not whisked away to be a wishful thinking but has been put to a practical implication The nationalist movement started with the formation of the first nationalist club of Boston in 1888 .The chief characteristics of this movement were unselfishness and it invigorates an enthusiasm for humanity. The individuals of society dont compete with each other rather they co-operated with each others. It adopted a tolerant attitude towards people who would be critical of this movement. patriotism was a highly cherished ideal of this movement . Social reforms had to taken up by a nation so as to reap its h arvest. Works Cited Auerbach Am Lit Hist. (1994) The Nation Organized Utopian Impotence in Edward Bellamys Looking Backward. Retrieved parade 17, 2008 from http//alh. oxfordjournals. org/cgi/reprint/6/1/24Boland joseph(1995)U. S political thought . retrieved http//www. uoregon. edu/jboland/lect_12. html Richard A. Spurgeon (1997). The Religious Ethics of Edward Bellamy and Jonathan Edwards. Journal of Utopian Studies. Vol 8. Retrieved March 17, 2008 from http//www. questia. com/googleScholar. qst? docId=5000543586 Bellamy, Edward. (2000) Looking Backward. Applewood books. ISBN-10 155709506X Native Americanism (Brownsons Works, 1017-37). retrieved Sumner, William Graham. Essays of William Graham Sumner. Ed. Albert G. Keller and Maurice R. Davie. Vol. 1. New Haven Yale UP, 1934 retrievedhttp//www. encyclopedia. com/doc/1G1-56061945. html Wilmot Chester,the struggle for Europe 1954 pg 477 SCOTT McLEMEE Back to the Future December 24, 2000. Retrieved March 17, 2008 from http//www. nyt imes. com/books/00/12/24/bookend/bookend. html Vergillus, Ferm, (1936), First Adventures in Philosophy (New York Charles Scribner & Sons). Retrieved March 17, 2008 from http//www. apologeticspress. org/rr/reprints/Impact-of-Evolutionary-Philosop. pdf W. Taylor, Frederick Scientific Management, pg 131. Retrieved March 17, 2008 from http//www. skymark. com/resources/leaders/taylor. asp

Quality Management Virgin Atlantic Essay

Comp any overviewSince it was founded in 1984, vestal Atlantic Airways has become Britains second largest carrier serving the worlds major cities. right away based at both Lon dons Gatwick and Heathrow airports, it operates long haul overhauls to thirty destinations cosmopolitan as far apart as Las Vegas and Shanghai. stark(a) Atlantic has enjoyed huge popularity, winning top business, consumer and trading awards from around the world. The airline has pioneered a range of innovations setting new standards of assistant, which its competitors have subsequently sought to fol poor. in spite of consummate(a) Atlantics ploughth the service still remains customer driven with an wildness on range for money, quality, fun and innovation. virgin Atlantic had carried around 53m passengers since it began operations and now employs almost 9000 true deal worldwide.ANALYSIS OF THE CASE STUDYThe Customer benefit package from gross(a) airlinesThe Tangibles1- favourable seats2- Fairly wide-eyed lounge for business and first class passengers 3- Overall tasty and exceptional option of food and beverages is served4- Comfortable and cheerful atmosphere in the air rake.5- Reasonable pricing for the guaranteed service6- Well-organized contrive selection for the inside of the plane such as the separate seat and bed ideaThe Intangibles1- Caring and friendly charge attendants.2-In flight Internet connection.3-Highly advanced website with several checking choices such as the Check in, chill out in the Caribbean which pull up stakes customers to relax in their hotel. As the mental faculty deliver the boarding passband, they take the luggage in a secure van to check it in the airport.4- Several fair packages serving diverse customer demands.5- enable customers to book other related inquiries such as booking a car, a hotel6- The website covers all the indispensable information from getting airport directions to inflight exercises.7- Enable customers to exchange their mo ney at different locations.8- Cleanness and neatness of the airplanes.9- pelvic arch and trendy design for the logo.10- Brand recognition.11- Exceptional customer service such as personally duty customers before the flight time to check if theyre in inquire for help. 12- Involving customers in their objective which is to grow a profitable airline, that people love to fly and where people love to work.13- Efficient customer complaints procedure even for non travelers.14- Efficient baggage claims procedure even in incidents occurrence* What atomic number 18 the heads of perfect(a)s product design? saturated has three product heads which ar the economys and amplitude Economys classes design, the Upper Class and a head for Clubhouses.* What kind of structure does the organization take for?The organization has a flat structure.* What gave Virgins design a level of respect within the organization? Virgins design was harmonizeed respect by building relationships and communicatin g the value of design in the organization.* What is the benefit from the service design?The benefit is to encounter that the new designs of virgins services are upward(a) and increasing customers satisfaction.*How does Virgin maintain a low staff turnover even though their promotions are limited? Virgin maintains a low staff turnover in their design by keeping employees motivated and satisfied. The organization assures this result by educating their design employees, involving them in training programs, applying a cross-functional share of ideas and teamwork.* What are the incentives of applying team works?Teamwork grants designers with the appropriate reward and grant managers the achievement of the negotiated goals.*What is the operational focus of Virgin?Virgin airlines focuses on differentiation in design.*How does Virgin Atlantic operate within its time and resource constraints? Virgin executes its drops and designs activities through a company of wide project management sys tem.*How is the project design processed?The design process undergoes R&D, program Development and implementation.*What are the stages of research and development of Virgin Atlantic? First,they start with product challenge in which the cognitive operation is monitored non to decrease or its raised. After that, the opportunity identifier stage begins where an idea is introduced into action by the root word directors with the approved fundings. From the OI, Virgin develops the product brief. Then, the project design is discussed in a dialogue form in the midst of the employees responsible for the project and the design team. Finally, the approval of the board is requested with a detailed presentation in hand.*What are the risks of the OI stage?Budgets and timelines limitations are critical to OI.*What is the aim of creating a dialogue for the project design? Creating a dialogue is all important(p) for the stakeholders because it assures them that their interests volition be del ivered within the time and money limits.*What are the reasons behind the meetings of Design Development? 1) The ITCM is held to ensure that the project design is applicable. 2) The PDR is held so that the manufacturers demonstrate their understanding of the project and correct any misinterepretation . 3) The CDR is held so that the designers and manufacturers both agree on the final design. 4) The FAI is to ensure that the manufactured products are as planned.*How does Virgin Atlantic minimize the risks of implementation? Virgin minimizes the implementations risk by reducing the high-priced aircraft downtime and by storing products six months before the roll out.*Does Virgin outsource and if so in which activity?Virgin uses external agencies to help with creating different designs.*How does Virgin manage the work of the internal and external design groups? Virgin manage the work between these parties by establishing weekly meetings and increasing those meetings when needed. Also, V irgin ensures that external groups reach their highest performance by giving them their space and keeping them separate from one another.*What are the methods used in improving Virgin service?Virgin collects information from internal customers, external customers, third parties. An example of internal customers are the senior mangers. Furthermore, Virgin provide customers with Xplane questionaries which are taken under consideration by the designers even in seat sizes. Virgin also uses benchmarking data to improve its design satisfaction.* How did Virgin reached success with its new top(prenominal) class addition? At first, the design team discussed a number of flat beds layouts with the managers. Then, they prioritized the features to ensure that the important features are included in the layout. After that, the engineering department ensured that the layout is safe and undergoes the regulations. Then, the layout of separate seats and quiescence areas was passed to the developmen t stage after the approval of the board of directors. In addition, the seat features were analyzed and tested to ensure its performance.* In which way did the speeding class concept cover customers retention? The upper class concept didnt only include a comfortable layout, it also included service factors such as limousine pick-up, in-flight massage, lightning specifications and dining options. Also, Virgin included customers in the assessment of its new service inquiry.In your opinion, how do you think Virgin airlines can improve their performance? I believe that Virgin have reached a high performance and established a brand image within the airlines sector. Thus, the top hat way to ensure their success is by benchmarking and seeking improvements even in the small missing aspects. In the end, there isnt limit to the competing market.Primary problemHow will Virgin Atlantic airways segment and congeal their firm in the market in order for them to surpass their competitors and beco me market leader? financial backing detailsRichard Banson (the founder of Virgin Atlantic) believes that knowing the needs and wants of all customers is the best core competence, the Virgin Atlantic believes that they need to accommodate all the customers who can afford to pay for the ticket, but Virgin Atlantic dont practice the marketing segmentation.Secondary problemHow will the Virgin Atlantic Airways maintain their good reputation and their service?Supporting detailsThe Virgin Atlantic airways is known for its innovations, products, services, schedule, but the seats are tiny with no legroom in the premium economy class.RecommendationsPrimary problemvirgin Atlantic airways need to identify their target market so they can serve and do their job effectively and efficientlySecondary problemVirgin Atlantic should conduct a disciplinary action for their employees. Attendants should distribute a wish well-list where passengers can write what they want freely either during the flight or after the flight, they can wish to buy presents instead of going to the duty free, by the wish-list the management will know the likes and dislikes of the passenger and this will result in avoiding complaints.REFERENCEShttp//www.designcouncil.org.uk/Case-studies/Virgin-Atlantic-Airways/Designing-the-Upper-Class-Suite/Quality management manualWorldwide flights Africa, Asia, Australia, Caribbean, UK and regular army Virgin Atlantic. (n.d.). Worldwide Flights Africa, Asia, Australia, Caribbean, UK and USA Virgin Atlantic. Retrieved from http//www.virgin-atlantic.com/gb/en.htmlhttp//www.guardian.co.uk/business/virginatlanticResearch Methodology. (n.d.). Research Methodology. Retrieved from http//research-methodology.net/virgin-atlantic-airways/Virgin Strategy1. (n.d.). Virgin Strategy1. Retrieved from http//fr.scribd.com/doc/60328463/Virgin-Strategy1Virgin Atlantic Airways Fleet Details and History. (n.d.). Planespotters.net Just Aviation. Retrieved from http//www.planespotter s.net/ airline business/Virgin-Atlantichttp//www.virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/careers/highlife/timeline/index.jspVirgin Atlantic Limited. (n.d.). PrivCo. Retrieved from http//www.privco.com/private-company/virgin-atlantic-limitedVirgin Atlantic Airways Passenger Reviews and Customer Trip Reports. (n.d.). Virgin Atlantic Airways Customer Reviews. Retrieved from http//www.airlinequality.com/Forum/vir_atl.htmAirlineMeals.net Airline give * the worlds largest website about airline catering. (n.d.). AirlineMeals.net Airline Catering * the WorldsLargest Website about Airline Catering. Retrieved from http//www.airlinemeals.net/browse.php?id=2325https//www.virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/manageyourflights/index.jspThe Economist. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.economist.com/blogs/gulliver/2012/12/virgin-atlantic

Logoplaste

Universidade Catolica Portuguesa Faculdade de Ciencias Economicas Empresariais Corporate Strategy Unilevers rubbish cream daub Portfolio Students Maria Ines Galhardo, n? 150106011 Claudia Filipe, n? 150106026 Ricardo Lloret, n? 150106111 Joana Rodrigues dos Santos, n? 150106123 Diogo Sousa, n? 150106125 In order to draw the BCG matrix, we started by collecting nearly data. Based on the Datamonitor foodstuff Report 2006 (appendix 1), we were able to calculate the total screwball creams merchandise value of 2008.We made the cho glassful to do the work for the year 2008 because the present year has non already ended. Thus it was scarcely possible to calculate estimated determine for 2008. securities industry value (212. 8-161)/4 = 12. 95 million per year 161 + (12. 95*2) = 186. 9 million in 2008 With the objective of studying Unilevers foreland harvest-homes, we had to take into storey nestle (Unilevers biggest contender). We chose one equal competitor for individually g roup of ice creams we thought were more important (appendix 2). Among all ice creams of Unilever, we focused on the ones that had a direct competitor in Nestle.This is why we did non choose Carte Dor or Solero, we thought that its competitors were not as obvious as the opposites. We assumed then that the market allots from Unilever and Nestle were the same as in 2006 (appendix 3). These values will enable us to estimate market values for each company and afterwards to calculate market shares and values for each product. We determined the division of the market in four sections tiptop gift, Premium, Regular and frugality. The shares were chosen according to a price/quality ratio for each product we took into account (Appendix 4).The different market shares for each segment were estimated assuming that the super premium products would be a market niche with a nonaged part of the market the premium would be the closely part and unconstipated and economy would energize stan dardized market shares but smaller. Then, we estimated too proportions for the different products we took into account. Both Unilever and Nestle have 2 different market shares since we assumed that they value different products in different segments. The personas are Unilever Economy 20% topnotch premium 5% Regular 15% Premium 60%The premium segment was divided in three different products with different proportions for Unilever and Nestle. Considering that we only studied one product in some segments, we considered the whole segment share for these ones and for the regular we regarded as to have other ice creams alike Calippo that we did not include (we took them into account as others). 3 Unilever Premium Viennetta 17% Cornetto 43% Magnum 40% Nestle Premium Tarte Carolina 19% Nestle 43% primitive 38% Trough the division of the market, we were able to belongings to each product the market share inside its own company.Splitting the different segments, we multiplied the total percentage of the segment to the share of each product inside this segment (Appendix 5). For the growth of each product, we assumed values based on the growth of each segment (Appendix 6). Finally, to calculate the relative market shares, we had to divide Unilevers market share for each product by Nestles market share for the single competitor (Appendix 7). 4 5 Unilever Brand Portfolio ? Cornetto It is a premium product that is present in intimately of the restaurants and cafes in Portugal.Cornetto is a ex assortment cow and yours outmatch seller and that is why we did not consider having a big growth rate. We assumed that this ice cream is already in the desired place in the market for Unilever. Therefore the investments are not actually high and it has a big return. ? Magnum This represents the second best product of your company, also premium and with high sales. However, it is a relatively young pit, only realized in 1990, that involve a higher investment than Cornetto to establish itself in the market.Strong investments in new products like the temptations or bound editions like 7 sins and marketing & communication plans ferment this brand a star. ? Viennetta This is a premium product only s old in restaurants and supermarkets therefore its market share isnt very big. Although the brand is old and as a take home product it is very popular, not galore(postnominal) people demoralise Viennetta because the take home ice cream market is smaller and most of the purchases are impulse. check to the character reference study on Global ice creamNestle goes on attack, the premium segment is growing up to 3% and since this brand is know by bothbody there isnt a outstanding need to spend many resources on it. Occasional new flavors were added, however without great success. Still, it is a cash cow and therefore a equitable product because of its growth rate. ? Kids This category integrates all the children directed products of your company, such(p renominal) as Perna de Pau, Super Maxi, Epa and Mini-Milk, which are cheap products specially directed to children with high levels of milk and calcium.It belongs to the economic segment, therefore, also according to the article mentioned above, the market growth is almost static. In this segment the competition is stronger, because Nestle makes associations with known brands such as Smarties and Kit Kat, appealing to kids attention. The strong 6 investment that the competitors make on this category justifies why Ola is not the leader in it, making it a frankfurter but still having recent investments and trying to have a bigger market share. Calippo This product represents the water-based products on your company, it is quite old and there is little differentiation between it and its competitors because there isnt much quadriceps to evolve and innovate, therefore people wont see signifi keistert differences between the value of each brand. There is small investment in this brand and base revenues, and since it is integrated in the regular ice cream segment its growth is small or even static, thus making it a cut through also. Ben & Jerrys This is your offer regarding the Super-Premium market segment, with high quality, high price ice creams with different flavors and colorful presentations. This brand is not yet very well-known and has a low market share because it targets a small market and it is yet in a phase of brand recognition. The company has to spend a bent of money in marketing campaigns to make the brand recognized by everyone and also in the look for to find new flavors.According to the case study this market segment is expected to grow up to 6% and all this makes this brand a question mark or a paradoxatic child. One problem for this brand in Portugal is that it is mainly sold in Ben and Jerrys own stores, which are not many and being a recent brand it is difficult to make people know the locations of the stores. Brand Portfolio Recommenda tions According to the BCG matrix your brand portfolio is well balanced, due to you having products in the different quadrants and in different stages of the lifecycle.Magnum, Cornetto and Viennetta are very profitable brands that support the less profitable brands of your company. However, it is not recommended to drop the other brands because your company needs to be 7 present in every segment in order to compete. This will increase brand awareness and reach more customers. Having this in mind, instead of decreasing any brands, you should increase some and castigate others. ? In addition we believe that your company should include low fat products directed to people that motivation to enjoy ice cream but dont want the downsides of it.By providing these low caloric and low fat products your company will be covering an important segment that are the women, that according to the signalize Note (page 53) are greater ice cream consumers than man, with increasingly focus on image not only in terms of self esteem but also on professional and personalized related matters. Ben & Jerrys should create a new range of products with some versions of their best sellers in a low caloric way trying to maintain their original flavor. The other brands should adopt the same outline and create at least one product with less calories. You should increase Ben & Jerrys market share and brand recognition to transform this problematic child in a star product. An idea can be to create a version of their ice cream for impulse consuming, perhaps adopting a similar format to the magnum ice cream (ice cream on stick) and include this brand in the Ola marketing points, thus reaching more consumers. ? Your companies Kids segment is not very well positioned and it is not the market leader. To change this situation it would be a good idea to arrange partnerships with other companies, such as confectionery brands and cartoon enterprises.You could create a partnership with known confecti onery brands like Kinder because it will benefit from the other companys brand recognition with little effort and reach this market segment with better arguments to compete with Nestle. 8 ? On the other hand the company should make a research every six month to determine which are the more popular cartoons at the moment and create a new product that offers prizes related to those cartoons. The basic product should be a high calcium ice cream that changes its packaging and prizes according to the research results.By doing this you will be captivating childrens attention that most of the time is only directed to the appearance and also their parents because you are offering an ice cream that is good for the kids health and growth. ? To access the Portuguese market it a good idea to create a new brand that sells ice cream with the flavors of some of the better recognized typical sweets in Portugal, such as doce dovos, arroz doce and pastel de nata. This brand would be sold as a premiu m product in restaurants and supermarkets. Another idea to increase your brand portfolio is to create specifically 18+ products with dipsomaniac deglutition flavors such as vodka, whisky and baileys with special focus on a regional beverage that is Oporto wine that is typically Portuguese. This product should be premium or superpremium and it should be sold not only on the usual channels such as fancy restaurants and supermarkets but also in parallel bars and summer discos. 9 Appendixes Appendix 1 2006 Market Value Growth Market share base Datamonitor Market Report 2006 2011 212,8 million 5,7% (2006-2011) 53,9% 161 million 4,3%Appendix 2 Unilever Ben and Jerrys Magnum Cornetto Viennetta Calippo Kids Outros Nestle Nestle Gelataria Nestle Extreme Tarte Carolina Pirulo Kids Outros Appendix 3 Unilever Market share Market value 0,56 Nestle 0,13 186900000 104664000 24297000 10 Appendix 4 Segments Super Premium Premium Products Ben and Jerrys Magnum Cornetto Viennetta Regular Economic C alippo Ola kids Appendix 5 Unilever Market allot enumerate of Sales () 5,00% 5. 233. 200 24,00% 25. 119. 360 25,80% 27. 003. 312 10,20% 10. 675. 728 5,00% 5. 233. 200 20,00% 20. 932. 800 10,00% 10. 466. 400 100,00% 104. 664. 000Ben and Jerrys Magnum Cornetto Viennetta Calippo Kids Outros Total Nestle Market share Amount of Sales () 8,00% 1. 943. 760 23,65% 5. 746. 240,5 20,90% 5. 078. 073 10,45% 2. 539. 036,5 6,00% 1. 457. 820 23,00% 5. 588. 310 8,00% 1. 943. 760 100% 24. 297. 000 Nestle Gelataria Nestle Extreme Tarte Carolina Pirulo Kids Outros Total 11 Appendix 6 Super Premium Premium Regular Economy Market Growth 6% 3% 1,50% 1,50% Source Datamonitor Market Report 2006 Appendix 7 Relative Market share Ben and Jerrys Magnum Cornetto Viennetta Calippo Kids Mean 0,63 1,01 1,23 0,98 0,83 0,87 0. 93 Market Growth 5,30% 2,90% 1,67% 1,90% 0,93% 1. 63% 2. 37% 12

Research paper on scientist Hannah Gay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research paper on scientist Hannah zippy - Essay ExampleThis cause Gay to adopt big dreams like her brother and she studied science and math. This specialization in her studies enabled her to field the University of Mississippi at Oxford in which she majored in pre-med. She became the president of the club Pre-med Society and in the process she met capital of Minnesota Gay and they began dating and later married. Gay is advant epochously-known for her contribution in the cure of an infant that was born(p) HIV positive into a negative state. There is need to understand Gays beforehand(predicate) life, personal motivators, and her contribution to the cure of an infant from HIV infection (Le Coz). Early Years Hannah Gay grew up in Jackson, Florida where she was the upstartest in a family comprising of two children. She had a desire to practice medicine even from an ahead of time age and this motivated her to pursue math and science in high coach. Additionally, her older brothe r, Gregory Berry was doing well in medieval English course such that he was admitted to prominent Yale. She did not want to be overshadowed and therefore, pursued math and science so that she could join medicine since she was passionate about helping people. This focal point in math and science led her to the University of Mississippi located in Oxford. This is where she majored in pre-med and her enthusiasm enabled her to be elected the president of Pre-Med Society at the University. It was in this university that Hannah met Paul Gay they began dating and became good friends since. In the year 1978, Paul and Hannah got married and they have been together for the last thirty seven years spell they are blessed with four children (Le Coz). Hannah Gay was exposed to Christian faith at an early age and this she says, has been a great influence in her life. Her mother was a faithful at the Southern Baptist church building and while Gay was in her womb, she was part of the Womans Missio nary Union Missions. Gay grew up attending the Southern Baptist Church and this drove her to learn about missions while she was still a young girl. Gay mentions that she participated in three major missions which included the Sunbeams Childrens Ministry, Girls in Action, and the Young Womens Auxiliary. Gay believes that this exposure to Christian faith was part of her training as a servant to people. She claims that she prayed to God to take a crap her guidance on what she need to do in life and was guided to a career in pediatrics. It is evident that Gay had a strong Christian faith and this is still a driving persuasiveness in her life until today (Chandler). Gay and her husband Paul were passionate about religion and for the most part got involved in church affairs while still in college. It was after they were married and they started a family that their faith motivated them to travel to Africa in 1987, Gay together with her family travelled to Ethiopia to work as outside(pr enominal) missionaries. It was also Gays wish and desire to teach at a medical school after completing her education at UMMC and that is what led her to Ethiopia. On reaching Ethiopia, it was a period of drought and towards the end of the civil war that had befallen the country. The Ethiopian government had also fallen and a new governance was about to take over the leadership of the country (Mott). These circumstances in Ethiopia made it difficult for her to pursue her missionary dreams and she could not even teach in a medical school. In addition, she had joined the spoken language school but with the civil war and a new government

I just need the bibliography to be done Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

I just need the bibliography to be through with(p) - Essay Example2006. africaresource. 17 Dec. 2007 .8. Kiehl, Stephen. Cashing in on the pop and hip-hop name-drop. Baltimore Sun. 2004. Commercial Alert. 17 Dec. 2007 .9. Mattus, Carolyn. Hip-hops evolution, advantage examined. THE HEIGHTS. 2005. BCHEIGHTS.com. 17 Dec. 2007 .11. Silverstien, Matt. Concerning Hip-Hop A Repressive Agent or Vehicle for Activism? Commercial Hip-Hop and complaisant Grassroots. 2006. africaresource. 17 Dec. 2007 .14. Since 1994, violent crime rates have declined, reaching the lowest level ever in 2005. Bureau of Justice Statistics. 2006. Office of Justice Programs. U.S. Department of Justice. 17 Dec. 2007 .16. Howard, Theresa. Rapper 50 Cent sings a song of business success. Advertising & Marketing. 2005. USA TODAY. 17 Dec. 2007 .21. Ogunnaike, Lola. Jay-Z, From Superstar to Suit. The New York Times. 2005. NYTimes.com. 17 Dec. 2007 .24. Wasserman, Todd. Playing The Hip-Hop Name Drop. Brandweek. 2005. IS IDE BRANDED ENTERTAINMENT. 17 Dec. 2007